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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Microstate (statistical mechanics) ： ウィキペディア英語版 Microstate (statistical mechanics) In statistical mechanics, a microstate is a specific microscopic configuration of a thermodynamic system that the system may occupy with a certain probability in the course of its thermal fluctuations. In contrast, the macrostate of a system refers to its macroscopic properties, such as its temperature, pressure, volume and density.〔(Macrostates and Microstates )〕 Treatments on statistical mechanics, define a macrostate as follows. A particular set of values of energy, number of particles and volume of an isolated thermodynamic system is said to specify a particular macrostate of it. In this description, microstates appear as different possible ways the system can achieve a particular macrostate. A macrostate is characterized by a probability distribution of possible states across a certain statistical ensemble of all microstates. This distribution describes the probability of finding the system in a certain microstate. In the thermodynamic limit, the microstates visited by a macroscopic system during its fluctuations all have the same macroscopic properties. == Microscopic definitions of thermodynamic concepts== Statistical mechanics links the empirical thermodynamic properties of a system to the statistical distribution of an ensemble of microstates. All macroscopic thermodynamic properties of a system may be calculated from the partition function that sums the energy of all its microstates. At any moment a system is distributed across an ensemble of $N$ microstates, each denoted by $i$, and having a probability of occupation $p\_i$, and an energy $E\_i$. If the microstates are quantum-mechanical in nature, then these microstates form a discrete set as defined by quantum statistical mechanics, and $E\_i$ is an energy level of the system. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Microstate (statistical mechanics)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.